Transmission & Communication Sector of Engineering
BASIC Frequency Modulation (AM) is a one of the conventional modulation technique to transmit signals using a carrier wave. The frequency of a high frequency carrier wave is changed in accordance with the frequency of message signal. In frequency modulation…
BASIC Amplitude modulation (AM) is a one of the conventional modulation technique to transmit signals using a carrier wave. The amplitude or the strength of a high frequency carrier wave is changed in accordance with the amplitude of message signal.…
Basic High Density Bipoler 3 Zero (HDB3) works in a similar way to AMI by changing poles for each binary 1. Moreover when it found 4 consecutive 0’s it replace them by ‘000V’ or ‘B00V’ depending on number of non-zero…
Basic Binary 8 Zero Substitution (B8ZS) works in a similar way to AMI by changing poles for each binary 1. Moreover when it found 8 consecutive 0’s it replace them by ‘000VB0VB’. Here, V means violation (same to previous non-zero…
Basic Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI) is a bipolar encoding system where neutral (zero) voltage represents binary 0 and alternating positive and negative voltages represents binary 1. Here is an example of AMI line coding for bits 10111001. Conversion from bitstream…
Basic Differential Manchester is somewhat a combination of the RZ and NRZ-I line coding schemes. There is always a transition at the middle of the bit but the bit values are determined at the beginning of the bit. If the…
Basic In telecommunication and data storage, Manchester code is a line code in which the encoding of each data bit is either low then high, or high then low, for equal time. Normally when the bit is 1 it is start from high and then goes to low,…
Basic Return To Zero (RZ) describes a line code used in telecommunication signals in which the signal drops (returns) to zero between each pulse. This takes place even if a number of consecutive 0’s or 1’s occur in the signal. Here is an example of…
Basic Non Return To Zero (NRZ) line code is a binary code in which ones are represented by one significant condition, usually a positive voltage, while zeros are represented by some other significant condition, usually a negative voltage, with no other neutral or rest condition. Non…
Basic Non Return To Zero (NRZ) line code is a binary code in which ones are represented by one significant condition, usually a positive voltage, while zeros are represented by some other significant condition, usually a negative voltage, with no other neutral or rest condition. Non…